Often opinions we agree with come from the most unexpected politicians. Nick Clegg, leader of the UK Liberal Democrats, puts forward an interesting case for developing and implementing the "Responsibility to Protect" doctrine, citing Burma and Zimbabwe as examples. His credo is as follows:
He said there should be strict rules governing military interventions - that it be based on a just cause, have the right intention, always be a last resort, sanctioned by a legitimate authority, be "proportional" and "must have a reasonable chance of success".
The concept of fixing a situation that has been deliberately left to degenerate, or has been wilfully created by a psychotic government is surely appealing to all those apalled by the plight of the Burmese, the Zimbabweans and other nations struggling with heartless rulers. However, one must tread carefully or we'll end up with the usual Lib-Dem inapplicable mishmash.
R2P, as it is conventionally referred to, has rarely been applied in practice because it is quite vague in its definition. Furthermore, the case for intervention rests on several assumptions:
- We can discern just causes
- Intentions actually count
- We kno when we've reached the last limit
- The UN is qualified (or able to) decide on the matter
- Interventions won't be botched up.
In my opinion, the case for intervention in another country's affairs is an extreme action and is to be carried out with preision and minimal invasion. The situation must be the consequence of direct actions of a governing group first. If we can identify who's giving the orders, we know which tumor to cut out. Secondly, there must be a solid societal basis (i.e. a working democratic/ruling process) that would re-build a governing structure should the current one be decapitated. Thirdly, no destruction should be involved save for the essential.
Therefore, unlike Mr Clegg, I believe there is a strong case to intervene in Zimbabwe by decapitating the very senior tiers of government, Zanu PF party, army, secret services and the police. Lack of regional support is a handicap but not an obstacle, as a stucture for replacing the brutes is in place and the gears are somewhat oiled. It needs be a surgical come-and-go, not a full-scale invasion with live footage, marches and fanfares.
If we want to develop R2P, we should shift its focus to the following questions:
- Can we pinpoint the cause of the negligence/brutality? Is it brutality or lingering tribal conflict?
- Is there a social and political infrastructure to avoid a power vacuum?
- Is there a credible alternative leadership supported by the majority of the population?
- Is there a genuine desire among the country's nationals to be free from brutality (not necessarily the ruling party?)
- Can the intervention avoid civilian suffering and general destruction?

